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中华蜜蜂的反杀行为与策略研究
I CAN SEE YOU:The Anti-killing Behaviors and Strategy of Apis cerana towards Vespa velutina





赛场风采:

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高承析: The announcement of a questioning session came as a surprise to me as I was not aware of the sessions until a few days before the initial meeting. Despite this short warning, I was not nervous or anxious for the first session and created a list of some possible questions along with suitable responses if such questions were raised. The first session went smoothly but I was not able to answer as many questions as I had hoped. For the second interview, I was less worried about the interview itself but rather if I could make it in time. This was because the timing of the meeting was rather inconvenient as I was in school and had an exam before and after the meeting. I felt like the questions were rather shallow and were not very developed, these closed questions allowed for us to easily respond to them with little difficulty. All in all, it was a new and interesting experience for me.

施易安: 这是我第一次参加科学微电影大赛,能够参加答辩感到非常荣幸!从选题到拍摄,从确定猜想假设到设计实验来验证假设,以及最后的剪辑,每个阶段我们都会遇到各种各样的困难,但是在这个过程中我们成长了很多。通过反复讨论、对文献和视频资料地仔细阅读,以及如何从合适的角度来展示我们的研究成果的探索,我第一次了解并体验了科学研究的过程。同时,我也体会到团队协作的重要性。我一直很喜欢视频剪辑,很高兴能把我的一些技能用到了作品中。

周涵逸: The interview process of this competition allowed me to gain deep insight into future paths that I could go on to bring my project to a deeper level. Professor Benjamin Bostick from round 2 brought up the question of if there was a concrete way to find out how the wasps, Vespa Velutina, were really dying — was it really through heat and asphyxia or another hidden factor? The judges were able to raise questions that our team had not thought of and bring various perspectives to our group’s project. Furthermore, I think the interviewing process was a rare opportunity for me to be able to receive feedback and constructive criticism of our project from the field’s top experts, which also allowed me to think more critically about certain aspects of my project from a new perspective.


专家点评:

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牛瑶博士、教授(科学探究点评专家):
研究团队深入研究了香港城市公园中的中华蜜蜂和其捕食性天敌墨胸胡蜂的攻防战。发现了蜜蜂抵抗胡蜂的三个战术:躲避、防御、与反杀。躲避:蜜蜂出入巢的速度极快,胡蜂想要在蜂巢门口捕捉返回的蜜蜂非常困难;防御:“shimmering”一起振翅晃动;反杀:蜜蜂会主动出击,赶走偷袭的胡蜂,也会诱敌深入,包围胡蜂,形成一个蜂球,球心温度超过40摄氏度,把胡蜂热死。中华蜜蜂的防御策略似乎有了改进,十分成功。

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吕尚伟 北京UGC学院院长(拍摄与剪辑点评专家):
本项目的科学探究基于翔实可信的视频拍摄记录。在对中华蜜蜂反杀胡蜂的观察和拍摄中,长焦、升格慢动作、微距等手法的组合应用,静电测试仪、测温枪实测的影像记录,都大大提升了影片的可视性和探究结论的说服力。

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薛建峰 资深媒体人(表达与交流点评专家):
开场片头制作和音乐吸引人,作品展现了大家超高的观察能力,解说词的文学性特点突出,演绎了自然法则。

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张红梅 教育时报原副总编辑(科学技术与社会 STS精神、教育意义点评专家):
问题的发现,源于细致地观察。不是科学少年细心,这么精彩的中华蜜蜂和天敌墨胸胡蜂的攻防战就会被路人错过。炎炎夏日,连续4天每天2个半小时的野外观察,他们坚守的是对好奇的追问,以及对自然的尊重和敬畏。中华蜜蜂只所以能战胜比自己大的胡蜂,靠的是个体的勇气和群体的智慧。一路研究下来,科学少年从小小的蜜蜂身上,学习到了勇气和智慧,还有团队协作的力量,都是他们战胜困难的法宝。

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于洲洋 高级讲师(STEM教师辅导点评专家):
在科学影像活动中,数码摄像机不仅是记录探究故事的工具,也是一种搜集事实与证据的有力且重要的工具。
虽然我们用肉眼也能大致看清楚胡蜂与蜜蜂的攻防过程,但由于蜂巢的高度、过短的发生时间等原因,不论是胡蜂的进攻路线、撤退路线,还是个体蜜蜂振翅的方式,或是蜂群集体振翅的顺序与波动方式等问题很难被完整记录下来。
在这部作品中,同学们利用长焦、120帧高速摄像机拍摄到了大量胡蜂与蜜蜂攻防的细节,让观众可以近距离看到攻防过程在短时间内都发生了什么。这些细节不仅展示了胡蜂与蜜蜂斗争的故事,更是重要的事实与证据,为分析中华蜜蜂集体展翅防御(Shaking)行为提供了大量的数据支持。

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刘海鹏 高级讲师(STEM教师辅导点评专家):
大自然是一个宝库,所以科学探究的第一步是:观察!大家看到蜂巢是不是都敬而远之呢?其实绝大多数情况下,蜜蜂不会轻易决定“进攻”,所以这就给了这组同学细心观察的机会。蜜蜂与胡蜂之间的“军备竞赛”已经进行了上亿年,有多少秘密等着我们发现啊!所以下一次你看到了,不妨凑上去看一看,看看蜜蜂与胡蜂如何用生命在“斗舞”!



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